Matthiessen (1995: 652):
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To be clear, the Thing is the entity that functions as participant in the transitivity structure of the clause. Halliday & Matthiessen (2014: 394):
What all these have in common is that, while the Thing is the entity that is functioning as participant in the transitivity structure of the clause, the logical Head of the construction is something that constrains the entity in terms of the two variables mentioned above. It is the Head that determines the value of the entity in the mood system, and therefore as a potential Subject.
On this basis, the Thing in this nominal group is picture, as demonstrated by the clause
a picture of these famous first two marvellous brick houses with gardens was thrown in the bin
where it is clearly a picture that was thrown in the bin, not houses. Thus:
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